Since the 1600s, the majority of medical advancements emerged through interaction in independent and sometimes secret societies. Head of a rachitic child in the New York Infant Asylum (1895) Auguste Broca became a professor of pediatric surgery, now known for his contribution to the Broca-Perthes-Blankart operation, while André became a professor of medical optics and is known for developing the Pellin-Broca prism. Like their father, Auguste and Andre went on to study medicine. During his life he was an atheist and identified as a Liberal. He died of a brain hemorrhage on 9 July 1880, at the age of 56. He was also a member of the Académie française and held honorary degrees from many learned institutions, both in France and abroad. Near the end of his life, Paul Broca was elected a senator for life, a permanent position in the French senate. In 1872, Broca was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society. The French Church opposed the development of anthropology, and in 1876 organized a campaign to stop the teaching of the subject in the Anthropological Institute. In 1872, he founded the journal Revue d'anthropologie, and in 1876, the Institute of Anthropology. In 1859, he founded the Society of Anthropology of Paris. In 1858, Paul Broca was elected as member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. One year later, Broca's mother died and his father, Benjamin, came to Paris to live with the family until his death in 1877. The Brocas had three children: a daughter Jeanne Francoise Pauline (1858–1935), a son Benjamin Auguste (1859–1924), and a son Élie André (1863–1925). She came from a Protestant family and was the daughter of a prominent physician Jean Guillaume Auguste Lugol. In 1857, feeling pressured by others, and especially his mother, Broca married Adele Augustine Lugol. The church's animosity toward him continued throughout his lifetime, resulting in numerous confrontations between Broca and the ecclesiastical authorities. This brought him into conflict with the church, which regarded him as a subversive, materialist, and a corrupter of the youth. He once remarked, "I would rather be a transformed ape than a degenerate son of Adam". In parallel with his medical career, in 1848, Broca founded a society of free-thinkers, sympathetic to Charles Darwin's theories. He also joined and in 1865 became the president of the Societe de Chirurgie (Surgery). Soon after its creation in 1848, Broca joined the Société de Biologie. He became its secretary and then vice president by 1851. Two months after joining, he was on the society's journal editorial committee. During his first six years in the society, Broca was its most productive contributor. Īs a researcher, Broca joined the Society Anatomique de Paris in 1847. Antoine, the Pitié, the Hôtel des Clinques, and the Hôpital Necker. He served in this capacity until his death. In 1868, he was elected a member of the Académie de medicine, and appointed the Chair of clinical surgery. He was elected to the chair of external pathology at the Faculty of Medicine in 1867, and one year later professor of clinical surgery. In 1853, Broca became professor agrégé, and was appointed surgeon of the hospital. In 1849, he was awarded a medical doctorate. In 1848, Broca became the Prosector, performing dissections for lectures of anatomy, at the University of Paris Medical School. After two years with Gerdy, Broca became his assistant. In 1845, he became an intern with Pierre Nicolas Gerdy (1797–1856), a great anatomist and surgeon. Īfter graduating, Broca undertook an extensive internship, first with the urologist and dermatologist Philippe Ricord (1800–1889) at the Hôpital du Midi, then in 1844 with the psychiatrist François Leuret (1797–1851) at the Bicêtre Hospital. He entered medical school in Paris when he was 17, and graduated at 20, when most of his contemporaries were just beginning as medical students. Huguenot Broca received basic education in the school in his hometown, earning a bachelor's degree at the age of 16. Paul Broca was born on 28 June 1824 in Sainte-Foy-la-Grande, Bordeaux, France, the son of Jean Pierre "Benjamin" Broca, a medical practitioner and former surgeon in Napoleon's service, and Annette Thomas, a well-educated daughter of a Calvinist, Reformed Protestant, preacher.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |